Health
Passengers with a medical condition need to think carefully before making travel plans. Something as common as a head cold, ear or sinus pain or a fever can cause discomfort during a flight. It is advisable to seek the advise of your general practitioner, or postpone your trip until you are healthy again. If it is not possible to postpone your trip remember to drink plenty of fluids. Use a decongestant or nasal spray before takeoff and landing.
Passengers with a long-standing medical condition, such as chronic lung disease or a psychiatric disorder, may require special clearance. You will need to notify the airline of any medical support equipment you may require during the flight. Visit your doctor for a complete check-up and obtain whatever medical certificates may be required.
If travelling internationally it is advisable to check with the applicable authorities concerning regulations relating to the use of any required medication. Ensure all medical information and medications are carried in an easily accessible safe place.
Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) affects mainly the veins in the lower leg. It involves the formation of a clot in the larger veins of the area. The clot may interfere with circulation of the area. It may also break off and travel through the blood stream and lodge in the brain, lungs, heart, or other area, causing severe damage to the organ concerned.
To avoid DVT, exercise your legs while seated and go for a walk at least once an hour. Dehydration can also increase the risk of DVT, so drink plenty of water or other fluids. Alcohol and coffee are not recommended as they are diuretics (they cause you to lose fluids).
Pregnant women and people with a family history of thrombosis should talk to their doctor about preventive measures such as compression stockings.
Ears
Ever wondered why your ears pop when you fly? Or why you get an earache when they fail to pop? Have you ever wondered why babies fuss and cry so much during descent? Ear problems are the most common medical complaint of airplane travellers.
The American Academy of Otolaryngology - Ears, Altitude and Airplane Travel explains why this happens and suggests precautions to make your flight more enjoyable.
Medications
Carry all medications in your hand baggage along with details of your condition and treatment. This will aid the cabin crew or any doctors who may need to treat you during your trip. Carry a copy of your prescription with you, especially for overseas travel.
Be aware of the side effects of any drugs you may be currently taking when combined with the flight environment (eg. less oxygen). If unsure, check with your doctor or medical advisor before your flight.
Seating
Safety regulations specify that seats next to exits must not be occupied by mobility impaired passengers. Where possible these passengers are allocated aisle seats for ease of access for both the passenger and any assisting crew member. More information on exit row seating.
Pregnancy
Medical clearance is not required for passengers having a normal pregnancy. International travel is not permitted after the 36th week. If you are expecting a multiple birth or having complications you will require medical clearance for both domestic and international travel.
Electronic medical devices
Strict safety rules govern the use of electronic equipment on board aircraft. Hearing aids and heart pacemakers are allowed. Inspection and approval of medical equipment is usually required prior to departure. Not all electronic equipment can be used on the aircraft.
Ask the airline or your travel agent for any further details or clarification you may require.